Thiruvaiyaru is a culturally significant constituency in Thanjavur district. It has seen a long-standing rivalry between the DMK and AIADMK. In the 2021 Assembly elections, DMK’s Durai Chandrasekaran won the seat with 1,03,210 votes, defeating BJP’s S. Venkatesan, who secured 49,560 votes. The margin of victory was 53,650 votes. In the 2016 Assembly elections, DMK’s Durai Chandrasekaran won with 1,00,043 votes, defeating AIADMK’s M. G. M. Subramanian, who received 85,700 votes. The margin was 14,343 votes. In the 2011 Assembly elections, AIADMK’s M. Rethinasamy won the seat with 88,726 votes, defeating DMK’s Durai Chandrasekaran, who secured 75,764 votes. The margin was 12,962 votes.