Turmeric adulterated with cancer-causing chemicals: How to check purity at home

Indian kitchen is known for its spices, which are not just aromatic but loaded with nutritional benefits. One such spice that is Ayurveda-approved too is turmeric. Also known as Golden Spice, it is packed with powerful antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties, mainly due to its active compound, curcumin. Let us know more about the spice and its benefits.

According to a study, curcumin found in turmeric helps reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in the body by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and improving antioxidant enzyme activities. It also helps improve lipid profiles and inflammation, which may reduce the risk of heart disease. The study states that the anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin helps alleviate symptoms of arthritis and joint stiffness. Curcumin also has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which protect brain cells from damage caused by stress and aging. It is also said that it may improve mood and cognitive performance by enhancing the production of serotonin and dopamine

According to a study by the National Library of Medicine, yellow turmeric is adulterated with Sudan Red, which is associated with several potential health risks, primarily due to its carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. It can cause liver and urinary bladder tumors in mammals and is considered potential mutagens and carcinogens for humans. The study also mentions that Metanil Yellow is used for adulteration. It also states that these dyes reduce the nutritional value of turmeric and pose cancer risks and other long-term health hazards like liver damage. Another study titled, Evaluation of Turmeric Powder Adulterated with Metanil Yellow Using FT-Raman and FT-IR Spectroscopy states that this dye has potential carcinogenic effects and is illicitly used to adulterate turmeric powder to enhance its yellow colour. The study also confirms the health risk posed by Metanil Yellow, including its carcinogenic nature, and emphasizes the need for monitoring and controlling such adulteration. A study on Metanil Yellow states that it is harmful and should be used only in limited doses if at all. It is also linked with genotoxicity (DNA damage), cytotoxicity, and liver toxicity. It is considered unsafe for food use. It has been banned as a food dye in many countries due to these harmful side effects. According to the National Library of Medicine, metanil yellow is not fit for human consumption. As per an animal study conducted in January 1993 by the journal Food Chemistry and Toxicology, there is a link between long-term consumption of metanil yellow and the levels of serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline in parts of the brain. It reduces the brain's ability to learn and grasp things. It is also highlighted through research that use of lead chromate in turmeric is unsafe. It can result in neurological damage, developmental delays in children, anemia, kidney damage, abdominal pain, and paralysis.

According to the FSSAI social media initiative called #DetectingFoodAdulterants, all you need to do is, take a glass of water. Add a small quantity of turmeric powder to the water. The unadulterated sample turns light yellow and the turmeric settles down at the bottom. The colour of the solution with adulterated turmeric changes into strong yellow. This test is used to check for metanil yellow adulteration.

For this test, add a pinch of turmeric powder to a glass of water. Then add a few drops of lemon juice or vinegar. If you hear a fizzing sound or bubbles, it may be adulterated with chalk powder.

Pure turmeric powder has a distinct earthy, slightly bitter, and pungent flavor due to its active compound, curcumin. To check the purity, take a small pinch of turmeric powder and taste it. Pure turmeric will have a strong, slightly bitter flavor. If the turmeric tastes bland or mildly sweet, it may contain added starch, flour, or other fillers to dilute the flavor.

In this test, you burn a pinch of turmeric on a spoon. If you notice a crackling sound and smell like burnt sugar, it indicates starch (like rice powder) has been mixed.

This test checks for lead chromate. Mix some turmeric with a few drops of diluted HCl. If the color changes to pink or red, it shows lead-based adulterants. Experts say HCl should only be used with care, and safety gloves must always be worn when handling it.

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Disclaimer: The information provided in this article—is intended for general informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.