Israel-Hezbollah war: What is the 2006 UN resolution that might help end conflict

NEW DELHI: The United Nations Security Council in 2006 passed Resolution 1701 to end a month-long war between Israel and Hezbollah and to improve security along the Israel-Lebanon border. Despite nearly two decades of relative calm, the resolution's terms have not been fully enforced. Recently, increased hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah have raised concerns about another potential war. Diplomatic efforts have highlighted the resolution as a means to resolve current conflicts.

What was the resolution?

The resolution aimed to have Israeli forces withdraw, leaving the Lebanese army and UN peacekeepers, known as UNIFIL, as the sole armed forces south of Lebanon's Litani River.

Resolution 1701 originated after Israel’s 2000 withdrawal from most of southern Lebanon. UNIFIL increased its presence along the 'Blue Line,' the boundary between Lebanon and Israel. The resolution sought to establish long-term security, with up to 15,000 UN peacekeepers assisting the Lebanese military.

How much value does the resolution hold now?

Violations along the border have persisted, with Israel accusing Hezbollah of maintaining a military presence and using a local environmental organization to spy on its troops. Lebanon has reported incursions by Israeli jets and naval ships.

Efforts by the US and France for a temporary ceasefire reflect that Resolution 1701 is still viewed as crucial. However, the situation has become more complicated since 2006, with Hezbollah's involvement in regional conflicts and its significant military capabilities.